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Nigerian Pidgin is an English-based pidgin and creole language spoken as a lingua franca across Nigeria. The language is commonly referred to as "Pidgin" or Broken (pronounced "Brokin"). It is distinguished from other creole languages since most speakers are not true native speakers although many children learn it at an early age. It can be spoken as a pidgin, a creole, or a decreolised acrolect by different speakers, who may switch between these forms depending on the social setting.
Variations of Pidgin are also spoken across West and Central Africa, in countries such as Equatorial Guinea, Ghana and Cameroon. Pidgin English, despite its common use throughout the country, has no official status.

HISTORY
The origins of Nigerian Pidgin English lie historically in trade contact between the British and local people in the seventeenth century. It is part of a continuum of English Pidgins and Creoles spoken other West-African countries such as Cameroon, Sierra Leone and Ghana. In recent years, Nigerian Pidgin English development has been particularly evident in the big cities and ports in the south of Nigeria, where it is used among people belonging to different ethnic groups; the use of Nigerian Pidgin English is strictly linked to the urbanization process.

Nigerian Pidgin, along with the various pidgin and creole languages of West Africa share similarities to the various English-based Creoles found in the Caribbean. It is especially obvious in Jamaican Creole (also known as Jamaican Patois or simply Patois) and the other creole languages of the West Indies. Linguists posit that this is because most slaves taken to the New World were of West African descent. The pronunciation and accents often differ a great deal, mainly due to the extremely heterogeneous mix of African languages present in the West Indies, but if written on paper or spoken slowly, the creole languages of Caribbean are for the most part mutually intelligible with the creole languages of the West Africa. The presence of repetitious phrases in Caribbean Creole such as "su-su" (gossip) and "pyaa-pyaa" (sickly) mirror the presence of such phrases in West African languages such as "bam-bam", which means "complete" in the Yoruba language. Repetitious phrases are also present in Nigerian Pidgin, such as, "koro-koro", meaning "clear vision", "yama-yama", meaning "disgusting", and "doti-doti", meaning "garbage". Furthermore, the use of the words of West African origin in Jamaican Patois "Unu" and Bajan dialect "wunna" or "una" - West African Pidgin (meaning "you people", a word that comes from the Igbo word "unu" or "wunna" also meaning "you people") display some of the interesting similarities between the English pidgins and creoles of West Africa and the English pidgins and creoles of the West Indies, as does the presence of words and phrases that are identical in the languages on both sides of the Atlantic, such as "Me a go tell dem" (I'm going to tell them) and "make we" (let us). Use of the word "deh" or "dey" is found in both Caribbean Creole and Nigerian Pidgin English, and is used in place of the English word "is" or "are". The phrase "We dey foh London" would be understood by both a speaker of Creole and a speaker of Nigerian Pidgin to mean "We are in London" (although the Jamaican is more likely to say "Wi de a London"). Other similarities, such as "pikin" (Nigerian Pidgin for "child") and "pikney" (used in islands like St.Vincent, Antigua and St. Kitts, akin to the standard-English pejorative/epithet pickaninny) and "chook" (Nigerian Pidgin for "poke" or "stab") which corresponds with the Bajan Creole word "juk", and also corresponds to "chook" used in other West Indian islands.

Connection to Portuguese language
Being derived partly from the present day Edo/Delta area of Nigeria, there are still some leftover words from the Portuguese language in pidgin English (Portuguese ships traded slaves from the Bight of Benin). For example, "you sabi do am?" means "do you know how to do it?". "Sabi" means "to know" or "to know how to", just as "to know" is "saber" in Portuguese. (According to the monogenetic theory of pidgins, sabir was a basic word in Mediterranean Lingua Franca, brought to West Africa through Portuguese pidgin. An English cognate is savvy.) Also, "pikin" or "pickaninny" comes from the Portuguese words "pequeno" and "pequenino", which mean "small".

Similar to the Caribbean Creole situation, Nigerian Pidgin is mostly used in informal conversations. However, Nigerian Pidgin has no status as an official language. Nigerian Standard English is used in politics, the Internet and some television programs.

The most important difference to other types of English is the limited repertoire of consonants, vowels (6) and diphthongs (3) used. This produces a lot of homophones, like thin, thing and tin which are all three pronounced like /tin/. This circumstance gives a high importance to the context, the tone, the body language and any other ways of communication for the distinction of the homophones.

In the past the use of Nigerian Pidgin English was linked to non-educated people and perceived by the educated ones with negative attitude. Nowadays the use of Nigerian Pidgin English is more widespread even among educated people and perceived as more Nigerian than English. Indeed, using Nigerian Pidgin English is increasingly popular among young people, many writers, politicians and musicians.
The fact that it is not attached to any ethnic group makes it a very good candidate as an official lingua franca in the Federation. The use of Nigerian Pidgin English can also function, in some contexts, as an act of identity when speakers need to stress their 'Nigerianness', as opposed to their ethnic group identity. In other words, Nigerian Pidgin English can express a belonging to Nigeria, which English, the language of the ex-colonial power, cannot. This is very similar to other multiethnic postcolonial situations. Compare the linguistic situation of Mauritius Islands where English and French are the official languages, but they coexist with other very powerful community languages (Chinese, Hindi, Urdu, etc.) and Mauritian French Creole. The latter, although lacking official status, is the only language which can express a neutral Mauritian identity.
No official status has been granted to Nigerian Pidgin English in Nigeria, although some Nigerians have suggested that it would be a good candidate for national language status, since it retains the above-mentioned characteristics of solidarity and neutrality. However, Nigerian Pidgin English is not yet sufficiently well-developed to fulfill all the duties of a national language. There is no standard orthography, little or no written use, and above all no active movement favouring its development and propagation. One of the obstacles to standardization is the perception of Nigerian Pidgin English as a variety of English, rather than a separate language; Nigerians often refer to Nigerian Pidgin English as 'brokin English'.

SOURCES: languagecontact.humanities.manchester.ac.uk,wikipedia.org

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There are several polytechnics in Nigeria, both private and public, which offers quality education to the ever increasing youth population of our dear country that is why we have decided to write about the top 10 best polytechnics in Nigeria. Do read along.
In Nigeria today, polytechnics are being sought after these days due to the fact that students have come to understand that quality education can be gotten there as opposed to the earlier notion that universities are a do or not die.

The Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB) interestingly receives millions of applications each year for admission into polytechnics these days because no youth wants to sit at home while their colleagues are gaining admission into schools and making academic progress in the process.
There are quite a number of good polytechnics in Nigeria. At least each State in Nigeria has one Polytechnic to its name. If you’re having a hard time deciding on which Polytechnic to apply to and you’re looking for top polytechnics in the country, then, this post should come in handy. In the following paragraphs, we have given a detailed list of best polytechnics in Nigeria in 2017.

1. Auchi Polytechnic
This citadel of learning is situated in Edo state, Nigeria. Auchi polytechnic has produced many top Nigerian scientists, and the school has is a winner of several national competitions. Auchi Poly won the Polytechnic Expo in 2008, and in 2012 it came first in the best designs and fabrications. It was also awarded at the Minna exhibition for its crafts and woodworks.
The polytechnic was established in 1963 by the Edo State Government and in 1994, it was taken over by the Federal Government of Nigeria. Auchi Poly is regarded as the best polytechnic in Nigeria. It has seven schools which houses several departments.

2. Yaba College of Technology
Yaba College of Technology is situated in Yaba, Lagos State. It is popularly known as YABATECH and it was established in 1947.
YABATECH is a special school. Apart from National Diplomas (ND) and Higher National Diplomas (HND), it offers B.Sc (Ed) courses in Technical and Vocational Education and Post Graduates Diploma in Engineering. The two programmes are run in conjunction with the University of Nigeria, Nsukka and the Federal University of Technology, Akure. You can also opt for a part-time study if you won’t be chanced to be a full-time student.
The majority of YABATECH lecturers are leading professors in different fields. Students go through the required training and graduate as well-rounded individuals armed with the necessary skills to make a it in their chosen fields.

3. Federal Polytechnic, Nekede
The Federal Polytechnic, Nekede is located in Nekede town, close to Ihiagwa, Imo state. It was established in 1978 as a College of Technology before it became a Federal Polytechnic in 1993. The school is touted to have outstanding lecturers who mould young individuals into bright personalities.
The polytechnic consists of a School of Engineering Technology, School of Environmental design and Technology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, School of Industrial and Applied Sciences, and School of Business Management Technology
The school places a great premium on innovative research and hands-on techniques. It offers National Diploma and Higher National Diploma courses at undergraduate levels.

4. The Polytechnic, Ibadan
The Polytechnic, Ibadan is also known as POLYIBADAN. The main campus of this school is located just beside the University of Ibadan, UI. Both tertiary institutions actually share a common gate. POLYIBADAN had four other satellite campuses and they now stand on their own, having evolved into standalone polytechnics.
The polytechnic was originally created in 1970 as a successor to the Technical College, Ibadan. Since 1975 it has been operating on a faculty system.

5. Lagos State Polytechnic
Lagos State Polytechnic is also known as LASPOTECH. It is owned by the Lagos State Government and it is situated in Ikeja, the Lagos State Capital. LASPOTECH has several schools to study at and they include Agriculture, Engineering, Management and Business Studies, Pure and Applied Sciences, etc.

6. Osun State Polytechnic
The Osun state polytechnic was second to Auchi polytechnic in the past but has lost that position now. Nevertheless, it is still rated high amongst others.
The institution is located in Iree, and was formerly a satellite campus of the polytechnic, Ibadan. It became an autonomous institution on the 12th of October 1992. It also has a daily part time program which it runs at its Koko campus.
The polytechnic has seven faculties which contains several departments from which one can choose a desired course of study- Information and Communication, Engineering, Financial Studies, Environmental Studies, Management Studies, Basic Sciences, and Sciences.

7. Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro
This polytechnic has modern infrastructures which support students’ academic progress. It also has a modern library and a students’ office where students can find answers to questions regarding their academic lives. It is situated in Ilaro, Ogun State.

8. Imo State Polytechnic, Umuagwo
The Imo state polytechnic was established in 1978 as Michael Okpara College of Agriculture. However, in 2007, it was elevated to the status of Polytechnic. It is located in Umuagwo, Ohaji/Egbema LGA, Imo State.
The polytechnic provides courses, training and research in all branches of Agriculture, Management Sciences, Engineering and Food Sciences. It is also certified to award National Diploma and Higher National Diploma certificates to its graduates.
It has a flexible academic schedule and students who can’t study full-time can opt to go to classes during the weekends.

9. Federal Polytechnic, Oko
The federal polytechnic Oko has a rich academic atmosphere which is exciting and exhilarating at the same time. It was approved by the Anambra State Government as a College of Arts and Science in 1979 and was upgraded to a College of Arts, Science and Technology in June, 1980. It got approved as a federal polytechnic in 1993.
The polytechnic has a main campus at Oko and there are two other campuses at Ufuma and Atani. The school has a vibrant social life too. There are 8 schools from which to choose a course of study from.

10. Kaduna Polytechnic
Also known as KADPOLY, this Polytechnic is located in Tudun Wanda LGA, Kaduna state. It was established in 1956. There are 5 colleges from which to choose a course of study. This includes the College of Business & Management Studies (CBMS), College of Environmental Studies (CES), College of Engineering (COE), College of Science and Technology (CST), and the College of Administrative Studies and Social Sciences (CASSS). It offers ND and HND undergraduate programs.

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